But Gaganendranath's brand of Cubism was a far cry from Picasso's explorations. Featured and 1st image Dwarkapuri, by Gaganendranath Tagore via Google Arts and Culture, 2nd image The House of the Dead, by Gaganendranath Tagore via Google Arts and Culture, Cubism is a modern art movement that ultimately began in Europe during the early 20. century. Gaganendranath Tagore (1867-1938) BACK _____ Gallery . Gaganendranath Tagore was an experimentor in cubism colour and ink. Stella Kramrisch, an American art historian who specialized in Indian art and Hinduism, commented that while Indian Cubism is a paradox due to the stark contrast of the two styles, Gaganendranath Tagore successfully reinvented Cubism by evoking and then tracing formal tendencies. He was no longer tied to illusionistic or naturalistic space; he was now able to arrange its elements at will, following his own ideas and visions of space and atmosphere. Gaganendranath Tagore. Yet, his responses to Cubist paintings (mainly through monochrome reproductions in the beginning) are not completely unexpected since he has always been interested in the intellectual developments of the modern West and kept himself informed on a regular basis. Tagore finally began his Cubistic experiments in the Fourth Phase (from 1921 to 1925), done in color and black ink. A style emerging out of several fragmentations of the facets in terms of its spatiality and tonal gradations is of course suggestive of a Cubist connection but the indigenous personal cultural content of such visualization is unmistakable. Benodebehari Mukherjee, 'Gaganendranath Tagore', Gaganendranath Tagore, Indian Society of Oriental Art, Calcutta. The Third Phase (from 1915 to 1921), on the other hand, comprised of Himalayan paintings and caricatures. #artfortoday Gaganendranath Tagore Untitled (Series of Portraits) ... Graphite on paper 5.5 × 3.5 inches Early 20th century • Over a hundred years old, these sublime drawings by one of the flag bearers of Modern Indian Art, Gaganendranath Tagore, are a rare peek into his early works or before he experimented with Cubism. Christ in the Church. It is said that Cubism was a passing phase in Indian art and Gaganendranath had no follower as such. Beginning to paint rather late in life at the age of thirty-eight, he played an important role in the establishment of the Indian Society of Oriental Art, Calcutta, in 1907. Despite a certain kind of continuity in the early phase when he was producing the portraits and figure sketches with commendable accuracy or the Puri landscapes (up to 1911) or even the Chaitanya series (1911-1915) and illustrations for Jeevansmriti (1912), he was clearly responding to diverse stylistic sources like Japanese brush techniques, wash paintings, sumi-e (black ink method) and possibly Chinese ink paintings as well. Kalighat Pat, a Protomodern Art Tradition? This radicalism was evident in the following: Furthermore, even though it was said that Cubism was only a passing phase in Indian art, the existence of the cubist works of Gaganendranath’s student, Prosanto Roy, says otherwise. The cover image on the book Satbhai-Champa written by Gyanadanandini Devi is one such captivating example. In the latter's case the emphasis on the flat surface of painting and drawing led him eventually to show that objects could be realized in all their tangibility without giving us the discreet identity of these objects. Free Shipping. The answer comes in the form of one Indian artist named Gaganendranath Tagore, who was counted as one of the earliest modern artists in India. However, with Gaganendranath the representational aspects and the spatial depth never took a back seat. He was the eldest son of Gunendranath Tagore, grandson of Girindranath Tagore and a great-grandson of Prince Dwarkanath Tagore. He was an abstractionist. Instead of strictly following the cubist art style, he actually blended it with his own style which was already far from the traditional Indian type of art. Gaganendranath Tagore was born at Jorasanko, Kolkata on 18 September 1867. Born in 1867, brother of Abanindranath Tagore and the eldest son of Rabindranath’s cousin, Gunendranath, Gaganendranath Tagore took a concise interest in drawing, painting and academic studies. His criss-cross colour beams seemingly evoking light, quick washes of prismatic colour tones and fragmentation of the pictorial surface into several indefinite interweaving planes are detectable in his works prior to 1922. In using such style, objects are analyzed, broken up and reassembled in an abstracted form to depict them from a multitude of viewpoints—thus showing the object in a much wider context. This was in tune with her assertion that even though Cubism was a European discovery, its formalist simplicity was neither unique nor significantly different from the objectives of other forms of non-illusionist art. Some of the latter were done using techniques with the Japanese brush. 8  Perhaps, as critics have evocatively written elsewhere, the 'visible music and pulsating light' in Gaganendranath's Cubist paintings and the solicitously selected themes toss him out of the more formalist program of European Cubism and raise an important issue regarding the reception of the Western modern within the orientalist / nationalist orbit. It has been considered as one of the most influential art movements of the said century, pioneered by artists like Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. The First Phase, which ended in 1911, showed Tagore’s works on Puri landscapes, figure sketches, some scenes from Calcutta, portraits, and ‘My Reminiscences’ illustrations. Still, how exactly did the cubist art form come to be in Indian art? Born on 18 September 1867, into the Tagore family in Kolkata, Gaganendranath Tagore as a self-taught artist and nephew of the great poet and nationalist Rabindranath Tagore. In abstract art or forms like cubism, to which Gaganendranath later shifted, distortion of features can work to the extent of annihilating the original identity of the character. Acharya Jagadis Chandra Bose in a Gaganendranath Tagore painting (cubism) Rabindranath Tagore (1938) wrote about his nephew’s art, “What Moreover, around 1915 Gaganendranath was quietly withdrawing from Abanindranath's nationalist preoccupations and moved into a poetic fairytale world feeding on Bengali literature and performances. But a lightness of being brought about by a maze of intersecting lights in varying tones and thereby evoking a sense of mystery leaving a definitive meaning less important has been a characteristic trait right at the outset. Quoted in Partha Mitter, 'The Triumph of Modernism', London, 2007, 7. For Kramrisch it was both the cultural experience and the traditional vestiges that validated Gaganendranath's brand of Cubism. He was a self taught artist basically. That's it. They were also moved by patriotic zeal and they were anxious that Indian art should receive the due recognition.' Name : Gaganendranath Tagore. “While thinking of Cubism I was reminded of something. Quite the same Wikipedia. The avant-garde in him discovered a whole set of possibilities in the flexible revolutionary syntax of Cubism. '3   By emphasizing on the aspect of assimilation Nandalal Bose was openly declaring his faith in eclecticism. In complete contrast to Stella Kramrisch's thoughtful appreciation of Gaganendranath's cubist works, W. G. Archer in his influential account Indian and Modern Art (1959) dismissed these works by scoffing them as derivative and as product of cultural misunderstanding.5 According to him they were simply bad imitations of Picasso. For the Cubists, it was a kind of linguistic exploration, constantly moving in its analysis of how reality could be grasped. In fact for Gaganendranath, the dynamic forms of the Futurists were more suitable than the more static Analytical Cubism. Following the chronological sequence it is evident that Gaganendranath moved with great élan from one mode of pictorial style to another in different phases of his career eschewing any singular stylistic consistency but exploring a range of variables cutting across culture and time. Ganendranath Tagore was an Indian musician and theatre personality, ... Gunendranath's children were – Gaganendranath, Samarendranath, Abanindranath, Binayini Devi and Sunayani Devi. In early 1922, he made a dramatic shift towards Cubism that coincided with the famous Bauhaus exhibition organised by Rabindranath Tagore at the Indian Society of Oriental Art, Calcutta in December 1922. Though she thought that 'Indian Cubism is a paradox', she justified the case by arguing how Gaganendranath was successfully reinventing Cubism by evoking and tracing similar formal tendencies evident in the phantasmagoria of rocks and mountains in Ajanta painting. Its influence spread across the country while it incorporated various strains of South Asian influence. The results of his experiments ultimately culminated in the Last Phase (from 1925 to 1930) showing the Post-cubistic paintings which were mostly done in black and white. One of his most notable contributions to Indian art is his use of Cubism in his paintings, despite the contradictory art forms of Indian paintings and cubist styles. Obviously, he failed to see, or did not want to acknowledge that Gaganendranath was responding to Cubist paintings as a new linguistic possibility. THE WORLD’S MOST POPULAR RELIGIOUS SYMBOL: THE STATUE OF CHRIST THE REDEEMER. Ratan Parimoo, 'Gaganendranath: Painter and Personality', Art etc. Gaganendranath was on the threshold of a peculiar experimental modernity. You could also do it yourself at any point in time. Escher. Ltd. All Rights Reserved, Company School Paintings of Calcutta, Murshidabad, Patna (1750-1850): Doctoral Thesis of Late Dipak Bhattacharya (1960-2007). Gaganendranath Tagore was born on September 18, 1867 in Calcutta. His brother Abanindranath was a pioneer and leading exponent of the Bengal School of Art. He began to conceive, more effectively than before, of the pictorial components as tangible elements, to be freely arranged, to far greater extent than he could do earlier. Hence his cubist paintings, as Benodebehari Mukherjee writes, 'leaves a lasting impression on our mind than the pressure of matter'.9. Artists like Feininger, Johannes Itten, Kandinsky, Klee, Gerdhard Marcks and George Muche were included in this show. Hence, neither it was a mere coincidence that Gaganendranath Tagore discovered Cubism at a very significant juncture of his artistic career nor it was a compromise as Archer suspected. The lyricism and theatricality inbuilt in his works also on the other hand prompt us to see the dissolution of the harder side of Cubism and an invocation of a certain kind of orientalist proclivity. Beside softening of angularity and rigorous linearity of the Analytic Cubism  the amazingly fecund period of French Cubism from 1909 to 1912  Gaganendranath was extremely keen on addressing his preoccupations with prismatic luminosity, imaginary interiors (mysteriously illuminated by hidden artificial lights) and his enchanting fantastic fairyland. Under Gaganendranath Tagore, the genre was transformed into an aesthetic of rupture, bringing to visual art hitherto unexplored vocabularies of … View auction details, art exhibitions and online catalogues; bid, buy and collect contemporary, impressionist or modern art, old masters, jewellery, wine, watches, prints, … “Pratima Visarjan”, water color painting by Gaganendranath Tagore, ca. The new technique is really wonderful as a stimulant”.7, Much has been said regarding the influence of Picasso on Gaganendranath's works. Just better. For him the use of the syntax of Cubism, a product of the West, by an Indian artist was a sign of inferiority and slavish mentality. This Art piece is said to be Gaganendranath Tagores first of many cubist experimented works in colour and ink. © 2010-13 Chisel Crafts Pvt. The magazine covers art exhibitions, auction highlights, market trends, art happenings besides Antique, Collectibles, Fashion, Jewellery, Vintage, Furniture, Film, Music and Culture. In the early ’20s of the twentieth century, he had embarked on a so-called cubist phase, which had little to do with European cubism. This society later brought out a journal called Rupam. Gaganendranath Tagore is considered as one of India's earliest modern artists who experimented with different art styles in his career. Died on Feb 14, 1938 at Kolkata, West Bengal, India. While he initially pushed for the movement of the Bengal School, he eventually explored one art style after another, thus pioneering experiments in modernist painting. Thus, Gaganedranath’s contribution to modern Indian art cannot be ignored for these reasons. In the 1920s, Gaganendranath experimented with Cubism using German and French styles, creating his own form of cubism. Categories: Canvas Prints Tagore’s different phases in his career bearing different styles each; as well as his experimentation with a European art style in the midst of a nationalist art movement. National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi . Ratan Parimoo, 'Gaganendranath: Painter and Personality', Art etc. The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. Stella Kramrisch in the accompanying article significantly titled as An Indian Cubist gives credit to Gaganendranath for introducing Cubism in India albeit a different dimension.4  According to her, French Cubism  “… dislocated the solid volume and rebuilt it as a continuum of movement and change.” In Gaganendranath's paintings on the other hand, she noticed a dissolution and fragmentation of the dynamic character of objects and not of the static. She further asserted this point by saying that although Cubism was ultimately discovered in Europe, its simplicity in a formalist way was neither significantly different nor unique from the objectives of the other forms of non-illusionist art. Discover (and save!) Historian Dineshchandra Sen wrote in the obituary, 'In divesting their house of everything of foreign origin, the brothers seem to enjoy the iconoclast's pleasure. His brother Abanindranath was a pioneer and leading exponent of the Bengal School of Art. Gaganendranath Tagore, along with his brother Abanindranath, is known for founding the Indian Society of Oriental Art in 1907. Needless to say that Gaganendranath was highly inspired by the original works he saw at the exhibition of water-colours and graphic prints by Bauhaus painters held in Calcutta in December 1922 sponsored by Indian Society of Oriental Art. 2   Gaganendranath's scathing criticism of the British colonial rule through the witty cartoons also testifies his patriotic zeal. Gaganendranath Tagore. Truly he was the only Indian painter until 1940s who made use of the language and syntax of Cubism in his painting. While Gaganendranath Tagore had been very radical with his art style, it is this radicalism that made him a modern Indian artist. The Second Phase (from 1911 to 1915) consists of the Chaitanya series. 1972 p.11, 3. Gaganendranath Tagore (1867-1938) was a rare artist who developed a highly-individual style by cherry-picking elements of oriental and Western … Offering. Gaganendranath Tagore, Chemical scream out damned spot out I say Tagore developed his own brand of Cubism He was the only Indian painter before the 1940s who used the language and syntax of Cubism … 1915. However, she cautioned that Gaganendranath's dynamic diagonal compositions tended to set up a contradiction between the 'flowing life and lyricism of Indian art' and the 'geometric rationality' of Cubism. Beside an indifference to the formal implications of Analytical Cubism, Gaganendranath Tagore was effectively representing a decontextualizing tendency much favoured by many important artists of the modernist project. The variations in brushwork attempted by him in his political cartoons at the cost of contrived elegance are also a testimony to his penchant for sourcing and consequently appropriating techniques in spite of highly empirical and local subject matters. Beside an indifference to the formal implications of Analytical Cubism, Gaganendranath Tagore was effectively representing a decontextualizing tendency much favoured by many important artists of the modernist project. But it was almost like a confirmation of what he was up to in his experiments. Dineshchandra Sen, 'As I Knew Him', 'Gaganendranath Tagore', Indian Society of Oriental Art, Calcutta. A thorough study of the Roy's cubist paintings would be extremely useful to construct the history of this unique legacy. It also includes other paintings that were done from his imagination that includes the Pilgrims series. 1. Gagnendranath Tagore; Gaganendranath Tagore's Realm of the Absurd, Mukul Dey Archives; Gaganendranath Tagore's works at V&A; Gaganendranath's Moments with Cubism news & views, vol.3, No.11,         Kolkata, July 2011. He was inspired by the visiting Japanese artist Yokoyama Taikan and other Far Eastern styles, early in his artistic life. They used to live in what was known as the "Baithakkhana Bari" of Jorasanko Thakur Bari. Coupling this with cubism, which mostly emphasized simplicity and structure, he sought to combine structure, the stark simplicity of form, light, space, and surface design in a coherent whole. It has been considered as one of the most influential art movements of the said century, pioneered by artists like Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. He was a nephew of the poet Rabindranath Tagore and the paternal great-grandfather of actress Sharmila Tagore. From 1925 onwards, the artist developed a complex post-cubist style. A self-taught artist, Gaganendranath Tagore, Abanindranath’s brother, was one of the first modern painters of India, learning Japanese brushwork from Kakuzo Okakura and other visiting Japanese artists. He was the nephew of Nobel Prize winning poet Rabindranath Tagore. 1972, p.43. Gaganendranath's Cubist paintings have been a major issue for a number of writers who debated over the validity of such an influence on an Indian artist in the time of nationalist art movement catching the imagination of some of the leading artists of the time including Gaganendranath's younger brother Abanindranath Tagore. Archer in other words questioned the integrity of the artist for all the wrong reasons. He agreed with the simplicity and stark essentials of cubism. Gaganendranath was the eldest son of Gunendranath Tagore, who was a grandson of "Prince' Dwarkanath Tagore. It is said that Cubism was a passing phase in Indian art and Gaganendranath had no follower as such. Jul 13, 2019 - The earliest examples of Gaganbabu's paintings are in 1907 in the form of postcards sent from Puri to his daughter. Gaganendranath was the eldest son of Gunendranath Tagore, grandson of Girindranath Tagore and a great-grandson of Prince Dwarkanath Tagore. Elucidating the essential differences with the European Cubists, Stella Kramrisch brought to attention Gaganendranath's strength as a narrator through his own brand of Cubism and also his ability to soften Cubism's formal severity  and often ruthless geometry with 'a seductive profile, shadow or outline of human form'. It reached far into the richness of Asian art, most particularly in India. The fact that his sincere association with Cubism was rooted more in his personal imagination and literary culture rather than anything else can be argued as well. In his early artistic life, he painted … According to Dineshchandra Sen, although Abanindranath was more enthusiastic than Gaganendranath about collecting and archiving traditional Indian art, the latter did take part in removing the European paintings from the walls of their drawing rooms and replacing them with indigenous artifacts including Mughal and Rajput paintings. Gaganendranath was the eldest son of Gunendranath Tagore, grandson of Girindranath Tagore and a great-grandson of Prince Dwarkanath Tagore. Custom Frames & Sizes. Gaganendranath Tagore (India, 1867-1938) The Illumination of the Shadow, watercolour and oil on card. From 1925 onwards, the artist developed a complex post-cubist style. Partha Mitter describes him as “The only Indian painter before the 1940s to make use of the language and syntax of Cubism in his painting”. Further she pointed out the expressive nature of Gaganendranath's Cubism wherein 'the turbulent, hovering or pacified forces of inner experiences' were projected in terms of planes, facets and cubistic forms. It was Tagore’s experiments with Cubism, which began as early as 1921, that cemented his standing as a pioneer of modernism in Indian art. That portion has since been demolished. … Many critics have noticed close and illuminating resemblances between Gaganendranath's works and that of by European painters like Robert Delaunay, Franz Marc and Lyonel Feininger, Alexander Rodchenko and the works by the Rayonists. However, his cubist paintings became a major issue for some critics who debated over the validity of this influence on an Indian artist in light of the nationalist art movement in the form of the Bengal School, which Tagore was part of. Similarly, the so-called Cubist phase is one such group of paintings done during the period from 1921 to 1925 leading to a highly complex and personal imageries of the late paintings before he was unfortunately debilitated by cerebral paralysis.1. Would you like Wikipedia to always look as professional and up-to-date? What is interesting is to take a note of how others were reacting to this. For Gaganendranath it was a new point of departure to address his own predilections for themes dealing with the mysterious quality of light, movement and spatial conundrum. Following Gunendranath’s premature death in 1881, Gaganendranath at the age of fourteen, took over as the potential head of the junior branch of the Tagores at Jorasanko. Gaganendranath had very little formal education; in fact he had a very short spell at the St Xavier's School where he took a brief interest in drawing and painting and a briefer still one in academic studies. Nandalal Bose, 'Gaganendranath Tagore', Gaganendranath Tagore, Rabindra Bharati Society         and Assam Book Depot, Kolkata, 1964, 4. Gaganendranath was an Indian painter and cartoonist of the Bengal School of Art—an avant garde and a nationalist movement in India that reacted against academic art styles promoted in the country. It is now possible to actually define in what terms cubism interested Gaganendranath and influenced him. When the potter turns his wheel the centre appears to be simultaneously whirling and yet remaining still.” (-Nandalal Bose in a letter written to Asit Haldar, 1922), Gaganendranath Tagore (1867-1938), one of the brilliant artists and cultural activists of his time was unabashedly open to various kinds of artistic influences and sources throughout his life. 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